A Review of Household Adaptation to Climate Change
Teng Meixuan, Liao Hua, Wang Fangzhi
摘要：适应气候变化是现阶段降低气候损失和脆弱性的重要途径，也是当前应对气候变化研究的相对薄弱环节。居民气候适应行为研究关注适应技术采用、气候迁移、风险管理等。面对不同的气候因素，居民适应行为选择不尽相同。在应对缓发性气候因素时，居民既能做出短期反应，又能基于预期的气候条件做出长期性适应决策。但面对突发性气候因素，居民适应行为非常有限，往往是短期和被动的。此外，居民适应行为选择受适应能力限制，而其能力差异同时体现在个体和区域间。在实证研究中，气象数据及定量分析方法迅速发展，为居民气候适应行为的经济学分析提供了重要支撑，但在评估适应有效性、量化长期适应和探究区域异质性方面，研究工作仍面临诸多挑战。基于文献梳理，本文提出居民气候适应行为的下一步研究方向。
关键词：气候变化；居民适应行为；技术采用；气候迁移；风险管理
Abstract: Adaptation plays an essential role in reducing climate damage and vulnerability these days, but has received insufficient academic supports. In recent research, frequently-mentioned household adaptation behaviors include technology adoption, climate migration and risk management. There are heterogeneous choices in household adaptation behaviors towards different climate factors. When faced with the slow-onset climate factors, household can not only respond to climate change immediately, but also make long-term adaptation decisions based on expected climatic conditions. As for the fast-onset climate factors, household adaptation behaviors are limited, normally short-term and passive. Besides, household adaptation behaviors are also constrained by adaptive capacity, varying across individuals or regions. In empirical research, thanks to increasingly available climate data, and advancing quantitative tools, the economic research make great progress in household adaptation these years. Nevertheless, there are still some unsettled challenges including assessing adaptation effectiveness, quantifying long-term adaptation, and exploring regional heterogeneity. We propose further research direction of household adaptation behaviors based on the literature review.
Keywords: Climate Change; Household Adaptation Behaviors; Technology Adoption; Climate Migration; Risk Management
基金项目：国家杰出青年科学基金项目“能源经济与气候政策研究”（71925008）的阶段性成果。
