From Free-Riding to Regional Synergy: Research on the Game of Regional Intergovernmental Haze Control Strategies
Bai Kang, Wang Shijin, Shao Zijian
摘要：雾霾严重危害人民身心健康，对我国发展也造成了巨大困扰，而协同治霾则被广泛认可为科学治霾途径。鉴于此，本文以政府间协同为研究要点，构建中央政府与不同地方政府的三方演化博弈模型，分析了各方在不同政策倾向下的收益情况，并通过仿真分析研究了治霾收益、成本、区域异质性等不同要素变动对治霾政策稳定性的影响。结果表明：相较积极策略，中央政府采用消极规制策略更利于稳定协同治霾机制形成，且对于“搭便车”处罚力度越大，形成博弈稳定速度越快；除了直接的治霾成本和收益，区域异质性导致的分配系数差异是造成“搭便车”行为的关键因素；“搭便车”行为会造成中央政府社会效应的丧失，而促成地方政府协同治霾是中央政府获取社会效益的关键。在此基础上，本文分别从中央政府和地方政府的角度，提出了在机制建设及具体操作层面促进区域协同治霾的政策建议。
关键词：雾霾；协同治理；区域异质性；演化博弈；搭便车
Abstract: Smog seriously endangers people's physical and mental health, and has also caused great trouble to our country's development. Collaborative haze control is widely recognized as a scientific way to control haze. In view of this, this paper takes inter-governmental coordination as the research point, constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model between the central government and different local governments, analyzes the benefits of each party under different policy inclinations, and studies the benefits, costs, and costs of haze control through simulation analysis. The results show that the central government adopts the negative regulation strategy rather then active strategy, which is more conducive to the formation of a stable and coordinated haze control mechanism. And the greater the penalty for free-riding, the faster the stability of the game will be formed. In addition to the direct costs and benefits of haze control, the difference in distribution coefficients caused by regional heterogeneity is a key factor in free-rider behavior. Free-rider behavior will cause the loss of the central government's social effect, and the promotion of local governments' coordinated haze control is the key to its social benefits. On this basis, from the perspectives of the central government and the local government, this paper puts forward policy recommendations for promoting regional coordinated haze control at the level of mechanism construction and specific operations.
Keywords: Smog; Collaborative Governance; Regional Heterogeneity; Evolutionary Game; Free Rider
基金项目：江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目“高铁开通与城市资源配置”(KYCX20_2091)和2022年度江苏师范大学双碳专项培育项目“多情景视角下淮海经济区碳达峰的协同机制与实现路径研究”的阶段性成果。
