Influence of Mineral Resources Development on Ecological Environment in Yangtze River Economic Belt and Its Countermeasures
Cheng Jinhua and Peng Xinjie
摘要：长江经济带是我国重要的矿产资源基地，肩负着保障资源供给的重任。优化长江经济带矿产资源开发空间布局和产业结构对于落实“共抓大保护，不搞大 开发”战略，推动长江经济带矿业可持续发展具有重要意义。本文对长江经济带矿产资源开发现状进行分析，厘清矿产资源开发产业结构 和空间布局对生态环境的影响机理，识别不合理的产业和空间布局导致的重大生 态环境问题，并提出调整流域矿产资源开发与利用的空间布局，落实主体功能区制度，建立健全矿产资源勘查开发环境影响评价制度，构建矿产资源开发空间治理体系；根据地区实际情况采取差异化的策略，推动矿业城市资源产业转型；科学划定生态红线，加强对红线区内包括矿产资源开发与利用活动的管控，严格实施生态保护区内矿业退出。
关键词：长江经济带；矿产资源；空间布局；产业结构；共抓大保护
Abstract: The Yangtze River Economic Zone is an important mineral resources base in China, shouldering the important task of ensuring the supply of resources. Optimizing the spatial layout and industrial structure of mineral resources development in the Yangtze River economic belt is of great significance for implementing the strategy of common protection, not large-scale development and promoting the sustainable development of the mining industry in the Yangtze River economic belt. This paper analyzes the present situation of mineral resources development in the Yangtze River economic belt, clarifies the influence mechanism of industrial structure and spatial layout of mineral resources development on ecological environment, identifies the major ecological environmental problems caused by unreasonable industry and spatial layout, and puts forward adjusting the spatial layout of mineral resources development and utilization in river basin, implementing the system of main functional areas, and establishing and perfecting the environmental impact assessment system of mineral resources exploration and exploitation. To construct the spatial management system of mineral resources development, according to the actual situation of the region, we should adopt differentiated strategies to promote the transformation of resources industry in mining cities. And also demarcating the ecological red line scientifically, strengthening the control of the development and utilization of mineral resources in the red line area, and strictly implementing the withdrawal of mining industry in the ecological protection area.
Keywords: Yangtze River Economic Zone; Mineral Resources; Spatial Layout; Industrial Structure; Common Protection
基金资助：本文系国家社会科学基金专项“加快生态文明体制改革，建设美丽中国研究”（18VSJ037）和生态环境部长江 经济带战略环境评价重点专题项目“长江经济带矿产资源开发生态环境影响研究及对策”（2110107）的阶段性成果。
DOI：10.19511/j.cnki.jee.2019.02.009