Chen Chuanlong and Han Panxing
摘要：为实现我国水污染减排目标和践行开放、绿色的新发展理念，有必要对外需引致的中国工业废水污染物排放进行研究。本文基于世界环境-经济多区域投入产出模型，对外需引致中国工业化学需氧量排放情况进行了分析，并使用结构路径分析方法从供应链角度研究了“国外需求消费，中国生产排放”的污染转移路径。研究发现：美日欧等主要发达国家和金砖国家是引致中国工业化学需氧量排放的主要来源地；“纺织品、服装和皮革制品的制造→非中国国家或地区”和“食品、饮料和烟草制品的制造→非中国国家或地区”等是引致中国工业化学需氧量排放的关键路径类型；各国引致中国工业化学需氧量排放的关键路径的贡献率也存在明显差异。最后，本文提出以下政策建议：加强与美日欧等发达国家和金砖国家在环境治理方面的合作；推进生产服务绿色化，实现贸易转型；参照关键产业路径对工业废水污染物排放实施全方位监管。
关键词：工业COD；污染转移；结构路径分析；投入产出模型
Abstract: In order to achieve China's water pollution discharge reduction targets and implement the new concept of open and green development, it is necessary to study the pollutant discharge of China's industrial wastewater caused by external demand. This paper analyzes China's industrial COD emissions caused by final demand based on the world environment-economy multi-regional input and output model. This paper also researches the pollution transfer path of “demand consumption of foreign countries, emissions from Chinese production” from the perspective of supply chain using the structural path analysis method. This research found that United States, Japan, Europe and other major developed countries and BRICS countries are main sources of China's industrial COD emissions. “Manufacturing of textiles, apparels and leather goods to non-Chinese countries or regions” and “manufacturing of food, drink and tobacco products to non-Chinese countries or regions” are main path types of China's industrial COD emissions. There are also significant differences in the contribution rate of the key path leading to industrial COD emissions in China. This paper puts forward the policy suggestions include strengthening cooperation with developed countries such as the United States, Japan, Europe and BRICS countries in environmental governance, promoting green production and service and realizing trade transformation and comprehensively supervising the pollutant discharge of China's industrial wastewater referring to the critical path.
Keywords: Industrial COD; Pollution Transfer; Structural Path Analysis; Input and Output Model
DOI:10.19511/j.cnki.jee.2020.01.006
