The Spatial Correlation Network and Driving Factors of
Urban Environmental Pollution in the Yellow River Basin
Liu Chuanming and Liu Yue
摘要：黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展已上升为国家战略，对于促进黄河流域经济高质量发展具有重要意义。本文利用修正的引力模型识别黄河流域城市环境污染的空间关联关系，并利用社会网络分析方法解构黄河流域环境污染空间关联的网络结构特征。研究发现：黄河流域城市环境污染呈现出复杂的网络结构形态，环境污染由“点状”发展为“线状”并向“网状”发展。环境污染空间溢出渠道较多，紧密程度较强，处于网络中心的城市如吕梁、渭南、长治等与流域内其他城市的关联程度较强。板块内部环境污染的空间关联关系较多，呈现出“局部关联”的特征，虽然板块之间的空间关联关系较少，但整个黄河流域的溢出关系较为普遍。QAP回归结果显示，经济发展水平、产业结构、人口结构、就业结构的差异均会对黄河流域环境污染的空间网络有显著影响。本文提出如下政策启示：应当打破行政区划对环境污染协同治理的约束，改变过去由单个城市各自为战的环境治理模式，构建覆盖黄河流域所有城市的环境污染协同治理体系。
关键词：黄河流域；环境污染；引力模型；社会网络
Abstract: Ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin have become national strategies, which are of great significance for promoting high-quality economic development in the Yellow River Basin. This paper uses the modified gravity model to identify the spatial correlation of urban environmental pollution in the Yellow River basin, and uses the social network analysis method to analyze the spatial correlation network structure of environmental pollution in the Yellow River basin. The study found that the Yellow River basin urban environmental pollution presents a complex, multi-threaded network structure, environmental pollution develops from the dot to the linear and network state. There are many channels for the spatial overflow of environmental pollution and the degree of tightness is strong. The cities at the center of the network, such as luliang, weinan and changzhi, have a strong correlation with other cities in the basin. The results of block model analysis show that there are more spatial correlations of environmental pollutions in the plate, with the feature of local correlation. Although the spatial correlation between the plates is fewer, the overflow relationship of the whole Yellow River basin is more common. Quadratic Assignment Procedure regression analysis results show that the differences of economic development level, industrial structure, population structure, employment structure will have a significant impact on the Yellow River basin environmental pollution space network. This paper proposes that we should break the constraint of administrative divisions on collaborative environmental pollution control, change the previous mode of environmental governance in which a single city fights on its own, and build a collaborative environmental pollution control system covering all cities in the Yellow River Basin.
Keywords: Yellow River Basin; Environmental Pollution; Gravity Model; The Social Network
基金资助：本文系国家社会科学基金项目“供给侧结构性改革下农业绿色全要素生产率的空间格局及提升路径研究”（18BJY140）、山东省社会科学规划研究项目“黄河流域生态效率评价及高质量发展路径研究”（20CJJJ29）和山东省自然科学基金项目“基于动态网络DEA的山东省农业用水效率测度及提升路径研究”（ZR2019MG029）的阶段性成果。
