Virtual Transfer of Water Pollutant and Value Added in Interprovincial Trade and Measurement of Environmental Inequality
Deng Chuxiong, Zhang Guangjie and Li Ke
摘要: 关注跨省贸易中经济收益与环境成本的不平等性对于完善消费端责任原则以及更公平地分配污染治理责任具有重要意义。本文以水污染物排放为例，使用多区域投入产出模型追踪了由于最终消费导致的水污染物和增加值的跨省转移，并量化其环境不平等程度。结果表明：各省份水污染物排放强度差异较大，农业部门而不是工业部门占据了更多的水污染物排放量。山东、江苏、广东等发达省份倾向于保留增加值而将水污染物外包给其他省份，宁夏、青海等欠发达省份则与之相反。水污染物与增加值的空间转移特征表现为发达省份与周边省份的流动以及向欠发达省份的远距离传输。此外，根据环境不平等测度结果，可将转移模式划分为环境受损经济受益型，环境受益经济受损型，环境经济双受益型，环境经济双受损型四类。基于此，本文建议应开展跨省份、跨行业的水污染物排放权交易试点，政府在跨省份水污染治理中可施行分类分级管控与精准施策。
关键词: 消费端责任；环境不平等；多区域投入产出；水污染物
Abstract: Paying attention to the inequality of economic benefit and environmental cost in interprovincial trade is of great significance for improving consumer responsibility principle and allocating pollution control responsibility more equitably. Taking the discharge of water pollutant as an example, this paper uses a multiregional input-output model to track the interprovincial transfer of water pollutant and value added due to final consumption, and to quantify the degree of environmental inequality. The results show that the emission intensity of water pollutant varies greatly among provinces, and the agricultural sector rather than the industrial sector accounts for more water pollutant discharge. Developed provinces such as Shandong, Jiangsu and Guangdong tend to retain value added and outsource water pollutant to other provinces, while developing provinces such as Ningxia and Qinghai do the opposite. The spatial transfer of water pollutant and value added is characterized by the flow of developed provinces and surrounding provinces and long-distance transmission to developing provinces. In addition, according to the measurement results of environmental inequality, the transfer mode can be divided into four categories: economic benefits but environmental damage, economic damage but environmental benefits, both economic and environmental are beneficial, both economic and environmental are damage. Based on this, this article recommends that interprovincial and interindustry water pollutant emission rights trading pilots should be carried out. The government can implement classified and graded control and precise measures in the treatment of water pollution across provinces.
Keywords: Consumer Responsibility; Environmental Inequality; Multiregional Input-output; Water Pollutant
基金资助：国家自然科学基金重点项目“洞庭湖沉积有机碳来源对土壤侵蚀的响应及土地利用优化调控”（U19A2047）；湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目“高校对口帮扶村负责任旅游扶贫绩效评价及脱贫长效机制构建”（18A044）。
全文： 
贸易中水污染物与增加值的虚拟转移及其环境不平等测度.pdf
DOI:10.19511/j.cnki.jee.2020.02.002