Low Carbon Transformation of Energy and Economy Aiming for the Peaking of Carbon Emission and Carbon Neutrality
He Jiankun
摘要：习近平主席在第75届联大上提出中国2030年前CO2排放达峰和2060年前实现碳中和的新气候目标，是我国统筹国内国际两个大局的战略决策。实现CO2排放达峰是实现长期碳中和目标的重要阶段性目标和时间节点。CO2排放达峰时间越早，峰值排放量越低，越有利于实现长期碳中和目标，因此要统筹碳达峰和长期碳中和的目标和措施，协调部署，强化行动。实现碳达峰、碳中和目标，需要有强有力的政策和措施保障，并成为国家现代化治理体系的重要环节。要远近统筹，进行超前部署和行动。本文建议如下：制定国家长期低碳发展战略，把长期碳中和目标纳入国家本世纪中叶社会主义现代化强国建设总体目标和战略之中；加强深度脱碳技术研发和产业化，积极应对全球碳中和导向下国际经济技术竞争；加强应对气候变化制度建设；结合打好污染防治攻坚战，发挥减污降碳协同效应。另一方面，在国内做好碳达峰、碳中和工作的同时，要积极参与并引领全球气候治理与国际合作，为共建全球生态文明和构建人类命运共同体做出中国的努力和贡献。
关键词：碳达峰；碳中和；减污降碳协同效应；全球气候治理
Abstract: President Xi Jinping proposed China’s new climate target at the 75th session of the UN General Assembly, that is, to achieve peaking of CO2 emissions before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060, which is a strategic decision coordinating the overall domestic and international situations. To achieve the peaking of CO2 emissions marks an important phrasal objective and time node for long-term carbon neutralization. The earlier the peaking time, the less the peaking amount, the better the condition for long-term carbon neutralization. Therefore, it is necessary to coordinate and integrate the goals, measures, deployment and actions for peaking of carbon emission and the long-term carbon neutralization. To achieve the objectives on peaking of carbon emission and carbon neutralization, strong and effective policies and measures are required, great importance should be attached in national modernization governance, and we should also coordinate the far and the near and carry out forward deployment and action. These policies and measures include that to formulate long-term low-carbon development strategies and incorporate long-term carbon neutrality into the overall goals and strategies for building a powerful socialist country in the middle of this century. Strengthen the research, development and industrialization of deep decarbonization technology, and actively respond to international economic and technological competition concerning global carbon neutralization. Perfect the institutions in response to climate change. Combined with the fight against pollution, bring the synergistic effect of pollution decrease and carbon reduction into play. In addition, while working on domestic carbon peaking and neutralization, we should actively participate in and lead global climate governance and international cooperation so that China make its contributions to building global ecological civilization and a community of common destiny for all mankind.
Keywords: Peaking of Carbon Emission; Carbon Neutrality; Synergistic Effect of Pollution Decrease and Carbon Reduction; Global Climate Governance
基金项目：国家自然科学基金重大项目“绿色低碳发展转型中的关键科学问题与政策研究”（71690243）、清华大学-INDITEX可持续发展基金资助项目（TISD201909）、教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“城市低碳发展的峰值目标与碳定价机制研究”（15JJD630006）。
DOI:10.19511/j.cnki.jee.2021.01.001
