Sino-U.S. Climate Cooperation and Competition and China’s Policy Response
Xiang Yuejiao, Zhang Yuning, Wang Ke
摘要：拜登政府将气候变化作为外交政策的核心，在气候领域与中国频繁互动，并达成《中美关于在21世纪20年代强化气候行动的格拉斯哥联合宣言》，但美国遏制和打压中国的战略基调不会发生根本性变化，中美气候外交中竞争与合作之势共存。本文分析发现美国与中国在减排进程、双边贸易、海外基建、清洁能源发展方面的竞争和冲突，会造成中美气候外交中的矛盾；同时，美国国内权力分散、政治极化、民主党内分歧加剧带来的美国气候政策的不确定性将进一步影响中美气候竞合态势。对此本文提出中国的应对策略有以下几个方面：一是加速国内低碳转型；二是通过非国家行为体合作，深化在负排放技术、甲烷控制与清洁能源技术领域的共同利益；三是积极推进国际合作，维护发展中国家利益。
关键词：中美气候外交；全球气候治理；合作与竞争；中国应对
Abstract: The Biden administration has taken climate change as the core of its foreign policy, engaged in frequent interactions with China in the field of climate change and reached China-U.S. Joint Glasgow Declaration on Enhancing Climate Action in the 2020s. However, there will be no fundamental change in the tone of the US strategy of containing and suppressing China. Competition and cooperation coexist in China-U.S. climate diplomacy. This paper finds that competition and conflict between the US and China in emission reduction process, bilateral trade, overseas infrastructure, and clean energy development, which will cause conflicts in Sino-U.S. climate diplomacy. At the same time, the uncertainty of US climate policy brought about by the decentralization of power, political polarization and the intensification of differences within the Democratic Party in the US will further affect the Sino-U.S. climate competition and cooperation situation. China's countermeasures are as follows: First, accelerate the domestic low-carbon transition. Second, deepen mutual interests in negative emission technologies, methane control and clean energy technologies through the collaboration of non-state actors. Third, actively promote international cooperation and safeguard the
interests of developing countries.
Keywords: Sino-U.S. Climate Diplomacy; Global Climate Governance; Cooperation and Competition; China's Response
基金项目：本文系研究阐释党的十九届五中全会精神国家社会科学基金重大项目“积极参与和引领应对气候变化国际
合作研究”（21ZDA089）的阶段性成果。
