“Two Mountains Bank”and Ecological Industrialization
Shi Minjun, Chen Lingnaa, Lin Sijia
摘要：2018年全国生态环境保护大会提出加快建设以产业生态化和生态产业化为主体的生态经济体系。生态产业化要求依托地方生态优势，发展生态农业、生态工业、生态旅游等“生态+”产业，使具有商品属性的生态产品进入市场，通过交易实现其价值，将绿色生态的正外部性转化为现实的经济价值。由于许多生态资源处于零星分散的状态，制约着生态产业化的推进。近年来兴起的“两山银行”作为生态资源资产经营管理平台，其主要目的是破解生态产业化经营面临的生态产品难度量、难抵押、难交易、难变现等瓶颈制约，实现“存入绿水青山，取出金山银山”的目标。本文基于浙江省“两山银行”的实践案例，梳理了“两山银行”运作机制，分析了其在生态产业化中的作用。研究发现，“两山银行”通过零散资源的收储与整合、产权重组与流转，在克服生态产业化经营的规模门槛方面起到了一定的作用，助推了生态产业化进程，但存在着重资产收储、轻市场运营等问题，亟需推动“两山银行”转型升级，以适应生态产业化发展的需要。
关键词：关键词：两山银行；生态产业化；生态产品价值实现；规模门槛
Abstract：The National Conference on Ecological and Environmental Protection in 2018 suggested accelerating the building of an ecological economic system with industrial ecologicalization and ecological industrialization as the major components. Ecological industrialization requires the development of eco-agriculture，eco-industry, eco-tourism and other“eco-plus”industries based on local ecological advantages, so that ecological products with commercial properties can enter the market and realize their value through trading, which can transform positive ecological externalities into real economic value. The fragmentation of ecological resources constrains the development of ecological industrialization. As a management platform for ecological resources assets, the main objective of the“Two Mountains Bank”is to break the bottlenecks faced by ecological industrialization, such as difficulties in quantification, collateral, trading and realization of ecological products, so as to achieve the goal of“Depositing in lucid waters and lush mountains, withdrawing gold and silver mountains”. Based on the practical case of the“Two Mountains Bank”in Zhejiang Province, this paper sorts out the operation mechanism of the“Two Mountains Bank”and analyzes its role in ecological industrialization. This study finds that the“Two Mountains Bank”has played a certain role in overcoming the scale threshold for ecological industrialization through the collection, integration, property rights reorganization and transition of fragmented resources, which has boosted the process of ecological industrialization. However, it also suffers from problems such as placing too much emphasis on asset storage and neglecting market operations, which
need to be improved through further transformation and upgrading to meet the needs of ecological industrialization.
Keywords：Two Mountains Bank; Ecological Industrialization; Eco-product Value Realization; Scale Threshold
基金项目：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国经济绿色发展的理论内涵、实现路径与政策创新”（15ZDC006）
