Are Public Environmental Demands Influencing the Transformation and Upgrading of Industrial？
Gao Hui, Deng Wu
摘要：推动产业转型升级和完善现代产业体系是实现经济高质量发展的必由之路，环境规制是自上而下推动地区产业结构调整的重要驱动力，自下而上的公众环境诉求也是助推地方政府决策的重要力量。本文以2005—2014年274个地级市为研究样本，利用工具变量等方法研究了公众环境诉求对产业结构转型升级的影响及作用机制。结果表明：公众环境诉求显著地促进了地区产业结构转型升级，表现在公众环境诉求提高了地区产业结构高度化和合理化水平；人大代表建议和政协委员提案集中反映了社会公众环境诉求，形成自下而上的环境治理压力，同时，强化自上而下环境规制效应，对地方产业结构转型升级产生正向效应。进一步研究发现，“双向”环境治理压力使地方政府更有积极性推动本地产业转型升级，其结论为我国实现地方经济的高质量发展提供了现实依据。
关键词：公众环境诉求；环境规制；产业结构转型升级；工具变量法
Abstract:Promoting industrial transformation and upgrading to improve the modern industrial system is the way to achieve high-quality economic development. Environmental regulation is an important driving force to promote regional industrial restructuring from the top down, and public environmental demands from the bottom up are also an important force to boost local government decision-making. Using 274 prefecture-level cities from 2005 to 2014 as research samples, this paper investigates the impact and mechanism of public environmental demands on industrial restructuring and upgrading using instrumental variables and other methods. The results show that public environmental demands significantly contribute to the transformation and upgrading of regional industrial structures, as evidenced by the fact that public environmental demands increase the level of heightened and rationalized regional industrial structures. The proposals of NPC deputies and CPPCC members focus on reflecting public environmental demands, forming bottom-up pressure for environmental governance, and at the same time, strengthening the top-down environmental regulation effect, which has a positive effect on the transformation and upgrading of local industrial structures. Further research has found that 'two-way' environmental governance pressure makes local governments more motivated to promote the transformation and upgrading of local industries, and the findings provide a practical basis for achieving high-quality development of local economies in China.
Keywords:Public Environmental Demands; Environmental Regulation; Industrial Structure Transformation and Upgrading; Instrumental Variables
基金项目：国家社会科学基金项目“产业结构演进视域下贫困地区绿色发展实践路径与推进策略研究”（19BJL040）
