摘要：实现美丽中国与碳达峰碳中和的目标，降碳减污协同是低成本、高效率的途径之一，促进降碳减污协同的区域协调发展，方能在全国范围有效推动这项工作。基于2006—2020年的省级面板数据，利用耦合协调度模型，测算了降碳减污协同效应；利用泰尔指数、
收敛模型估算了降碳减污协同度的区域差异及其收敛态势；采用面板数据Tobit模型，估计了能源结构、产业结构、污染治理设施等因素对各区域降碳减污协同度的差异性影响。研究结论主要有：东部、西部和东北地区的降碳减污协同度较好，中部地区的协同度较低且趋于恶化；河北、山西、内蒙古等省份的降碳减污协同度较低；降碳减污协同度的全国差异主要来自于区域内部的差异；东部和东北各省的降碳减污协同度的差异呈现收敛态势，而中部和西部各省的大多有发散趋势；能源结构、污染治理设施等因素对各区域的降碳减污协同度的影响存在明显的区域异质性和类别异质性。基于研究结论，本文提出了促进降碳减污协同的区域协调发展的路径和措施。
关键词：降碳减污；协同效应；区域差异；协调路径
Synergistic Effects of Pollution Reduction and Carbon Reduction: Regional Differences and Coordination Paths
Hu Meng, Wu Yasi, Chang Jiaojiao
Abstract: To achieve the goal of a beautiful China and carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction is one of the low-cost and efficient ways. To promote regional coordinated development of pollution reduction and carbon reduction synergy, this work can be effectively promoted nationwide. Based on the provincial panel data from 2006 to 2020, the synergistic effect of pollution reduction and carbon reduction was measured using the coupling coordination degree model. Theil index andconvergence model were used to estimate the regional difference and convergence of the synergies in reducing pollution and carbon. The Tobit model of panel data was used to estimate the different impacts of energy structure, industrial structure, pollution treatment facilities and other factors on the cooperation degree of pollution reduction and carbon reduction in different regions. The research conclusions mainly include that the synergistic degree of pollution reduction and carbon reduction in the eastern, western, and northeastern regions is good, while the synergistic degree in the central region is low and tends to deteriorate. Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and other provinces have low levels of synergy in reducing pollution and carbon emissions. The national differences of the synergies in reducing pollution and carbon mainly come from regional differences. The differences of the synergies in reducing pollution and carbon in eastern and northeastern provinces showed convergence trend, while that in central and western provinces showed divergence trend. There is significant regional and category heterogeneity in the impact of factors such as energy structure and pollution control facilities on the synergistic degree of pollution reduction and carbon reduction in various regions. Based on the research findings, this article proposes relevant paths and measures for promoting regional coordinated development of pollution reduction and carbon reduction synergy.
Keywords: Reducing Pollution and Carbon Emissions; Synergistic Effect; Regional Difference; Coordination Path
