Low Carbon Transformation of Production Structure in China’ s Power Sector
Wei Wendong，Guo Yi，Gu Dainan and Li Jiashuo
摘要：在碳减排背景下，中国正持续推进电力行业生产结构转型以促进低碳发展。本文基于2012年和2015年中国投入产出数据，将电力行业拆分为电力供应部门和六种不同发电类型的部门，进一步利用环境扩展投入产出模型，测算并对比各部门隐含碳排放强度。结果表明：2015年电力行业的隐含碳排放强度较2012年有所下降，但电力行业仍然是产生碳排放的主要行业；2012－2015年，大部分产业部门的隐含碳排放强度呈现下降趋势，表明由于可再生能源在能源结构中的比重提升，能源结构的绿色转型也驱动了各个产业部门的低碳发展，气电部门的隐含碳排放强度测算结果显示，其强度超过可再生能源发电部门的20倍。因此，在推进中国绿色转型和低碳发展的背景下，应统筹各类可再生能源协调发展，完善绿色电力证书交易体系和实行可再生能源配额制度，逐步降低煤电和气电所占的比重，以改变电力行业的生产结构。
关键词 ： 可再生能源, 投入产出分析, 隐含碳排放, 电力行业
Abstract: Against the background of the carbon emission reduction，China is vigorously promoting electricity transition to facilitate low carbon development． This paper based on the 2012 and 2015 input－output table，disaggregates the power sector into power supply sector and other six different power generation sectors． Further，by using of the Environmentally Extended Input － Output Analysis，we then evaluate the sectoral embodied carbon emission intensities． The results showed that the embodied carbon emission intensity of the power sector in 2015 was lower than that in 2012，but the power sector is still the main sector generating carbon emissions． And most industrial sectors’ embodied carbon emission intensities showed a downward trend in 2012－2015， indicating that the low－carbon transformation of energy structure had also driven the low－carbon transformation of various industrial sectors． However， the calculation of embodied carbon emission intensity of the gas power sector showed that its intensity was 20 times higher than that of the renewable energy power sector． Therefore， increasing the share of renewable energy in energy mix will benefit China＇s green and low－carbon development． In the future，measures such as improving the green certificate trading system and the renewable energy quota system should be implemented to enhance the development of renewable energy． Moreover， the production structure of the power industry can be further optimized by reducing the
proportions of coal and gas power．
Keywords: Ｒenewable Energy; Input－Output Analysis; Embodied Carbon Emissions; Power Sector
基金资助:上 海 市 青 年 科 技 英 才 扬 帆 计 划 “ 中 国 电 力 资 源 流 动 的 空 间 结 构 及 演 化 机 理 研 究” （18YF1417500）、上海理工大学人文社科培育基金项目“‘一带一路’能源基础设施互联互通对区域经济的影响和机理”（SK18YB12）
DOI:10．19511/j．cnki．jee．2018．03．002