Optimizing Low-carbon Path by Strengthening Top-level Design of Carbon Market
Fan Ying
摘要：碳市场是实现减排的有效政策工具，在我国碳市场建设由试点走向全国的重要时期，本文强调不仅要关注碳市场自身的具体机制，更要从应对气候变化的角度设计碳市场，从可持续发展的高度评价碳市场。碳市场对企业的激励要着眼于企业的投资决策，要有长效机制，给投资者以长期的合理预期，从而引导全社会加大绿色低碳技术的投资；碳市场的配额分配原则要与协调区域均衡发展的目标一致；碳市场对行业竞争力的影响要与经济结构调整的长远目标协调好；同时应做好多种减排政策工具的协同设计。只有做好碳市场的顶层设计，才能发挥碳市场在应对气候变化中的重要作用，走出一条优化的低碳发展道路。
关键词 ： 碳市场, 低碳技术, 环境有效性, 顶层设计, 低碳路径
Abstract: Carbon market is an effective policy instrument for reducing carbon emissions. During the important period from the pilot program to the national carbon market construction in China, we emphasize that we should not only pay attention to the specific mechanism of the carbon market itself, but also design the carbon market from the perspective of climate change and evaluate the carbon market from the perspective of sustainable development. Carbon market should provide strong incentives for enterprises to invest more in low carbon technologies. There should be along-term mechanism to give investors reasonable expectations so as to guide the whole society to increase low carbon investment. The allowance allocation principle in the carbon market should be consistent with the goal of balanced regional development. The impact of the carbon market on the competitiveness of industries need to be well coordinated with the long-term goal of economic restructuring. At the meantime, it is also necessary to do well in collaborative design of various emission reduction policy tools. Only by doing well in top-level design can the carbon market play a unique role in addressing climate change and achieving an optimal path to low-carbon economy.
Keywords: Carbon Market; Low-carbon Technology; Environmental Effectiveness; Top-level Design; Low-carbon Path
基金资助:本文系国家自然科学基金重大项目“绿色低碳发展转型中的关键管理科学问题与政策研究”（71690245）、重大国际合作与交流项目“我国统一碳市场建立的条件、机制设计与社会经济影响分析”（71210005）的阶段性成果。
DOI:10.19511/j.cnki.jee.2018.01.001