Does Participation in the Vertical Specialization Worsen China’s Environmental Pollution?
Wang Kun and Li Xiao
摘要：本文以二氧化硫排放为研究对象，利用FDI、加工贸易等相关数据，从垂直专业化分工规模和垂直专业化分工程度两个维度来系统考证垂直专业化分工对我国环境污染的影响。研究结果表明：无论是从参与垂直专业化分工的规模，还是从参与垂直专业化分工的程度来看，参与垂直专业化分工均加剧了我国的环境污染问题，并且FDI 与加工贸易对SO2排放的影响在本文具有高度的统一性；高人力资本门槛的存在，阻碍了垂直专业化分工技术外溢效应的发挥；产业结构的调整与升级有助于降低我国二氧化硫的排放，而人力资本积累和技术进步，因更多的是在经济增长领域发挥作用，对产业升级和经济增长质量改善方面并未起到应有的作用，进而也加剧了我国环境污染水平。因此，低人力资本水平的中、西部地区在承接产业转移之时，更需要注意其对环境污染的影响。
关键词 ： 垂直专业化分工, 环境污染, 外商直接投资, 加工贸易
Abstract: Participating in the vertical specialization of international trade, on the one hand, our country can use technology spillover to reduce environmental pollution. It may also aggravate the problem of environmental pollution in China caused by the transfer of pollution. This paper uses sulfur dioxide emissions as the research object and systematically studies the effect of vertical specialization on environmental pollution from the aspects of the scale of vertical specialization and the degree of vertical specialization by using FDI, processing trade and other related data. The results show that: Vertical specialization has exacerbated the problems of environmental pollution in China no matter from the aspect of the scale of vertical specialization or from the aspect of the degree of vertical specialization; The existence of high human capital threshold hinders the technology spillover effect of vertical specialization; The adjustment and upgrading of industrial structure is helpful to reduce the emission of sulfur dioxide in China, while the accumulation of human capital stock and the progress of technology exacerbate the level of environmental pollution, because they are often play an important role in the field of economic growth, but having little impact on industrial upgrading and the quality of economic growth. Therefore, the middle and western regions having low human capital need to pay more attention to the impact on environmental pollution when they undertake industrial transfer.
Keywords: Vertical Specialization; Environmental Pollution; Foreign Direct Investment; Processing Trade
