Evaluation Index for County Ecological Civilization and its Application
Cheng Jinhua, Dai Sheng and Wang Ran
摘要：县域是全国实施主体功能区规划的基本单元，更是生态文明建设过程中主要的实践单元。本文基于推进绿色发展、解决突出环境问题、加大生态系统保护、改革生态环境监管体制等方面的考虑，结合不同主体功能区的资源环境问题和生态文明建设重点，从经济发展质量、农业发展质量、生态资源质量、资源节约、能源节约、污染物控制、生态保护与修复、生态制度颁布、生态制度执行等维度构建了县域生态文明评价差异化指标体系，并具体分析了湖北省不同主体功能的县域生态文明建设水平。研究结果表明，在设计不同主体功能差异化指标体系时，城市化地区主要以转变经济增长方式与城镇化速度等为优先考虑指标，农产品主产区主要以保护耕地、发展现代农业、增强农业综合生产能力、增加农民收入以及粮食供给安全等为评价首要指标，生态功能区要以生态保护和环境修复、提供生态产品为评价切入点。城市化地区中经济发展迅速、产业结构升级越快的县域生态文明建设水平越高；农产品主产区中农业基础条件越好、土壤质量越高的县域生态文明建设水平越高；生态功能区中生态基础条件越好的县域生态文明建设水平越高。本文建议在设计不同主体功能差异化指标体系时，城市化地区主要以转变经济增长方式与城镇化速度等为优先考虑指标，农产品主产区主要以保护耕地、发展现代农业等为评价首要指标，生态功能区要以生态保护和环境修复、提供生态产品为评价切入点。
关键词 ： 县域生态文明, 主体功能区, 生态环境保护, 资源能源节约
Abstract: County is the basic unit of the national functional area, and it is the main practical unit in the process of ecological civilization construction. Based on implementation of the controlling land space use, promoting conservation and intensive use of resources and energy, solving the environmental problems, protecting ecosystems, reforming ecological civilization system, this paper constructs the basic index system of county ecological civilization evaluation. Through combining the resource and environment problems of different main functional areas with the key points of ecological civilization construction, this paper constructs the differentiate index system of county ecological civilization evaluation and analyzes the county's ecological civilization construction level among different functions in Hubei Provincial. The results show that the more rapid economic development and industrial structure upgrade in the area of urbanization, the higher level of county ecological civilization construction. The better of agricultural basic conditions, soil quality in the main agricultural areas, the higher level of county ecological civilization construction;and the better of ecological basic conditions in the ecological functional areas, the higher level of county ecological civilization construction. This paper suggests that urbanization areas mainly use the transformation of economic growth pattern and urbanization speed as indicators. The main agricultural areas mainly use protecting cultivated land, developing modern agriculture and others as leading indicator. The ecological functional areas use the ecological protection and environmental restoration, providing ecological product as evaluation pointcut.
Keywords: County Ecological Civilization; Main Function District; Ecological Environmental Protection；Resource and Energy Conservation
DOI:10.19511/j.cnki.jee.2017.04.008