China’s Water Quality Management in River Basin: Eco-compensation or Pollution Liability? Based on Lessons Learnt from US Transboundary Water Quality Management
Hu Tao
摘要：针对我国的流域水质管理问题，上下游有明显的不同利益诉求，究竟应当是生态补偿还是污染赔偿并无定论。本文从制度经济学的角度，对目前的流域水质管理进行了梳理，分析了美国流域水质管理的教训及对我国流域水质管理的启示，明确提出了我国流域水质管理生态补偿与污染赔偿的界限。究竟是上游该得到生态补偿，还是下游该得到污染赔偿，这完全取决于该流域的规划以及规划的实施情况。上游政府水质规划实施得好，应得到下游政府的生态补偿；上游政府水质规划实施得差，下游政府该得到污染赔偿。
关键词 ： 流域, 水质管理, 生态补偿, 污染赔偿
Abstract: Considering of water quality management in river basin in China, there is an obvious different request between upstream and downstream. A government at upstream requests eco-compensation fee from a government at downstream; oppositely, a government at downstream requests pollution liability from a government at upstream. This paper, based on Institutional Economics analysis and lessons learnt from US transboundary water quality management, analyzes key issues of water quality management in river basin and provides criteria to judge eco-compensation fee or pollution liability. It depends on ambient water quality planning of river basin and the planning implementation. It concludes that: A government at upstream should have eco-compensation fee from a government at downstream when implements the ambient water planning better than it should be; On the contrary, paying pollution liability fee to a government at downstream when implements the ambient water quality planning worse than it should be.
Keywords: River Basin; Water Quality Management; Eco-compensation; Pollution Liability
全文：
中国流域水质管理：生态补偿还是污染赔偿？——基于美国跨界流域水质管理的教训.pdf
DOI:10.19511/j.cnki.jee.2017.02.009