Crisis and Countermeasure Analysis on Climate Change Adaptation of Urban Lifeline System
Fu Lin, Yang Xiu and Feng Xiaoya
摘要：气候变化是全球性挑战，深刻影响着人类生存和发展。城市是人类社会经济活动、生产生活的核心地带与主要聚集地。2020 年，我国常住人口城镇化率将达到60%左右，至2030 年，我国将有超过70%的人口居住在城市。城市生命线系统的安全性直接关乎城市生产建设的正常运行。因此，积极适应气候变化，尽可能提升城市生命线系统适应气候变化的能力，对全国经济社会的持续健康发展具有重要意义。本文分水分、温度和气流等三种致灾因子，将其对应的常见的城市极端气候事件进行分类，并进一步梳理不同极端气候事件对城市供/排水、能源、交通运输和通讯等生命线系统造成的潜在适应气候变化危机，结合新型城市化建设提供了对策分析。最后提出城市生命线系统适应气候变化的政策建议。
关键词：城市；气候变化；适应；生命线系统
Abstract: Climate change is a global wide challenge and had influenced human survival and development profoundly. Urban area is the center and the major gathering place of economy and production activities in human society. By the year 2020, urbanization rate of permanent population in China will reach approximately 60%, and above 70% of Chinese living in the urban area by the year 2030. The safety of the urban lifeline system matters the normal operation of the various functions in urban area directly. Therefore, it’s crucial to adapt positively and improve the ability of urban lifeline system to extreme climate for urban area, and will be of great importance in the sustainable and healthy of China’ s economy and development. Commonly seen extreme climate and weather events are classified by moisture, temperature, air flow in this article. The potential climate change adaption crisis of various extreme climate/weather events towards water supply and dewatering system, energy system, transportation system and communication system were also present. Last but not least, new urbanization relevance countermeasure analysis and suggestions were put forward at the end of this article. Keywords: Urban Area; Climate Change; Adaption; Lifeline System
DOI:10.19511/j.cnki.jee.2017.01.010