摘要：应对气候变化挑战，主动参与战略性矿产全球治理，对中国等发展中国家谋求在全球能源转型中的优势地位具有深远意义。碳中和驱动的战略性矿产资源全球治理体系呈现竞争博弈与协调治理两重属性。文章分析了能源转型驱动的战略性矿产安全风险和全球治理逻辑，明确了纯粹以资本逻辑为动力的传统安全风险治理机制已显然不能适应时代发展需求的现实情景。未来战略性矿产资源全球治理需要矿产资源全产业链多层次的利益相关方共同参与，构建以国家利益为本，以供给稳定性、经济性和可持续性为目标，形成约束机制、利益协调机制、公平机制三位一体的供给风险治理机制。最后，提出了协同保障低碳经济转型与战略性矿产资源安全的中国应对。
关键词：能源转型；战略性矿产资源；全球治理；多元治理主体伙伴关系
Global Governance of Critical Minerals Driven by Carbon Neutrality
Abstract: The challenges of climate change and the need to actively participate in the global governance of critical minerals have far-reaching implications for developing countries such as China to achieve an advantageous position in the global energy transition. In the context of carbon neutrality, the global governance system of key mineral resources presents the dual characteristics of a competitive game and a coordinated governance process. This paper analyzes analyzes the strategic mineral security risks and global governance logic driven by energy transformation. As we have stated, a traditional supply risk governance mechanism based solely on capital logic cannot meet the demands of the new era. A multi-level stakeholder approach is required for the future global governance of key mineral resources. In order to achieve supply stability, economic prosperity, and sustainability, a supply risk governance mechanism should be constructed based on national interests, forming a trinity of a restraint mechanism, an interest coordination mechanism, and a fair mechanism. Lastly, recommendations are made for the global governance of China's critical minerals in order to ensure the security of critical minerals in the light of the transformation of low-carbon economies.
Keywords: Energy Transition; Critical Minerals; Global Governance; the Partnership of Multiple Governance Entities
