摘要：碳达峰与碳中和目标驱动下，企业绿色技术创新深度依赖于所嵌入的供应链网络，是企业技术创新系统从“内循环”转向“内外双循环”的重要课题。本研究选取2010—2023年上市企业供应商与客户数据构建供应链网络，采用中心度和结构洞指标表征企业在供应链网络中的关系嵌入与结构嵌入特征，实证检验上市企业的网络嵌入程度对绿色技术创新的影响效应及其作用机制。研究结果表明，关系嵌入规模对绿色技术创新的影响呈现为“先上升后下降”的倒U型关系，占据丰富结构洞位置并不利于绿色技术创新发展，研究结论具有优良的稳健性。机制研究表明，知识吸收能力与知识基础质量在二者关系中发挥重要的中介作用。异质性分析表明，上述影响在制造类、非重污染类、非国有、位于东部地区的上市企业中更加显著。经济后果检验表明，绿色技术创新对企业二氧化碳排放的影响为正向，对企业短期盈利能力的影响也为显著正向，但对长期盈利能力的影响较微弱。本研究不仅丰富了供应链网络嵌入赋能企业绿色技术创新系统的研究成果，而且研究结论对优化供应链网络布局、激发企业绿色技术创新活力具有积极的实践意义。
关键词：供应链网络；关系嵌入；结构嵌入；绿色技术创新；作用机制
Supply Chain Network Embedding and Green Technological Innovation
Zhao Qiaozhi, Li Zihao, Chen Hao
Abstract: Driven by the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, green technology innovation is deeply embedded in the supply chain networks in which firms participate, representing a crucial shift in corporate technological innovation systems from an “internal circulation” model to a “dual internal–external circulation” model. This study constructs supply chain networks using supplier and customer data of listed companies from 2010 to 2023, employs centrality and structural hole indicators to capture firms’ relational embeddedness and structural embeddedness within these networks, and empirically examines the impact of network embeddedness on green technology innovation and its underlying mechanisms. The results show that for listed companies closer to the center of the supply chain network, the influence of relational embeddedness scale on green technology innovation follows an inverted U-shaped curve while occupying abundant structural hole positions is detrimental to green technology innovation. These conclusions exhibit strong robustness. Mechanism analysis reveals that knowledge absorptive capacity and knowledge base quality play significant mediating roles in these relationships. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the above effects are more pronounced for listed companies that are in manufacturing, non-heavily polluting, non-state-owned, and located in the eastern region. Economic consequence tests demonstrate that green technology innovation has a positive impact on corporate carbon dioxide emissions and also exerts a significantly positive effect on short-term profitability, although its effect on long-term profitability is relatively weak. This study not only enriches the research on how supply chain network embeddedness empowers corporate green technology innovation systems, but also provides practical implications for optimizing the layout of supply chain networks and invigorating firms’ green technology innovation.
Keywords: Supply Chain Network; Relation Embedding; Structural Embedding; Green Technological Innovation; Conductive Mechanism
